Temperate: Cool
Main characteristics:
- Low humidity, high diurnal range.
- Four distinct seasons.
- Summer and winter exceed human comfort range
- Variable spring and autumn conditions.
- Cold to very cold winters
- Rainfall shared fairly evenly through all months of the year
- Hot dry summers
- Cold winter and hot summer winds from the north-west
- Cool summer breezes from the south-east
Requirements for passive design responses:
- Passive solar principles.
- High thermal mass is strongly recommended.
- Insulate thermal mass including slab edges.
- Maximise north facing walls and glazing, especially in living areas with passive solar access.
- Minimise east, west and south facing glazing.
- Use adjustable shading.
- Use double glazing, insulating frames and/or heavy drapes with sealed pelmets to insulate glass in winter.
- Minimise external wall areas (especially east and west).
- Use cross ventilation and night time cooling in summer.
- Site new homes for solar access, exposure to cooling breezes and protection from cold winds.
- Draught seal thoroughly and provide airlocks to entries.
- Install auxiliary heating in extreme climates. Use renewable energy sources.
- Use reflective insulation to keep out heat in summer.
- Use bulk insulation to keep heat in during winter. Bulk insulate walls, ceilings and exposed floors.
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